رَّبِّ اَعُوۡذُ بِکَ مِنۡ ھَمَزٰتِ الشَّیٰطِیۡنِ ۙ واَعُوۡذُ بِکَ رَبِّ اَنۡ یَّحۡضُرُوۡن ؕ۔
بِسۡمِ اللّٰهِ الرَّحۡمٰنِ الرَّحِيۡمِۙ۔
Revenge (Qissas) is Halal.
Islam has given the right to revenge to the oppressed according to Jewish law, in order to ensure peace, justice and the protection of life in society. Allah Almighty has forbidden killing, but if this great sin is committed, then Revenge (Qissas) is Halal. However, it is better to forgive and the blood money. It has been stated in Surah Al-Ma’idah that the sanctity of life is so great that killing one life unjustly is equal to killing all of humanity.
The Quran's purpose is not just to punish, but to establish justice in society and prevent injustice. The system of revenge guarantees that no criminal will escape punishment, while also leaving room for forgiveness and the blood money to extinguish the fire of revenge and keep the path to reconciliation open. Therefore, Qissas is not just revenge, but a balanced system of justice that combines justice, mercy, and social stability.
وَكَتَبۡنَا عَلَيۡهِمۡ فِيۡهَاۤ اَنَّ النَّفۡسَ بِالنَّفۡسِۙ وَالۡعَيۡنَ بِالۡعَيۡنِ وَالۡاَنۡفَ بِالۡاَنۡفِ وَالۡاُذُنَ بِالۡاُذُنِ وَالسِّنَّ بِالسِّنِّۙ وَالۡجُرُوۡحَ قِصَاصٌؕ فَمَنۡ تَصَدَّقَ بِهٖ فَهُوَ كَفَّارَةٌ لَّهٗ ؕ وَمَنۡ لَّمۡ يَحۡكُمۡ بِمَاۤ اَنۡزَلَ اللّٰهُ فَاُولٰٓٮِٕكَ هُمُ الظّٰلِمُوۡنَ ﴿۴۵﴾
Q-05:45And We wrote (in the Torah for these Jews): A life for a life, an eye for an eye, a nose for a nose, an ear for an ear, a tooth for a tooth, and equal retribution for wounds. But if he forgives, it is an expiation for him. And whoever does not judge by what Allah has revealed, then those are the wrongdoers.
فَمَنۡ عَفَا وَاَصۡلَحَ فَاَجۡرُهٗ عَلَى اللّٰهِؕ اِنَّهٗ لَا يُحِبُّ الظّٰلِمِيۡنَ ﴿۴۰﴾ وَلَمَنِ انْتَصَرَ بَعۡدَ ظُلۡمِهٖ فَاُولٰٓٮِٕكَ مَا عَلَيۡهِمۡ مِّنۡ سَبِيۡلٍؕ ﴿۴۱﴾
Q-42:40-41But whoever forgives and makes peace, his reward is with Allah. Indeed, He does not like the wrongdoers. (40) And whoever takes revenge after an injustice, there is no sin on them.
Revenge for murder is lawfull.
God has forbidden the killing of an innocent believer. He has given the heirs of the deceased the right to take revenge. Which they can legally demand (in a country where the law is in accordance with the Sharia of the Quran). And if the heirs forgive. Then the killer is responsible for the blood money. Which is according to the constitution.
وَلَمَنِ انْتَصَرَ بَعۡدَ ظُلۡمِهٖ فَاُولٰٓٮِٕكَ مَا عَلَيۡهِمۡ مِّنۡ سَبِيۡلٍؕ ﴿۴۱﴾
And there is no blame on those who take revenge after being wronged.
ٰٓاَيُّهَا الَّذِيۡنَ اٰمَنُوۡا كُتِبَ عَلَيۡكُمُ الۡقِصَاصُ فِى الۡقَتۡلٰىؕ الۡحُرُّ بِالۡحُـرِّ وَالۡعَبۡدُ بِالۡعَبۡدِ وَالۡاُنۡثَىٰ بِالۡاُنۡثٰىؕ فَمَنۡ عُفِىَ لَهٗ مِنۡ اَخِيۡهِ شَىۡءٌ فَاتِّبَاعٌۢ بِالۡمَعۡرُوۡفِ وَاَدَآءٌ اِلَيۡهِ بِاِحۡسَانٍؕ ذٰلِكَ تَخۡفِيۡفٌ مِّنۡ رَّبِّكُمۡ وَرَحۡمَةٌ ؕ فَمَنِ اعۡتَدٰى بَعۡدَ ذٰلِكَ فَلَهٗ عَذَابٌ اَلِيۡمٌۚ ﴿۱۷۸﴾
Q-02:178O you who believe! Retribution is prescribed for you in the case of murder: the free for the free, the slave for the slave, and the female for the female. But if someone (the murderer) is forgiven something by the brother of the victim, So, act accordingly according to the law (i.e. blood money). And (by the killer) it is to be paid with kindness. This is an alleviation from your Lord and a mercy. Then whoever transgresses after that, for him is a painful punishment.
وَلَا تَقۡتُلُوا النَّفۡسَ الَّتِىۡ حَرَّمَ اللّٰهُ اِلَّا بِالۡحَـقِّ ؕ وَمَنۡ قُتِلَ مَظۡلُوۡمًا فَقَدۡ جَعَلۡنَا لِـوَلِيِّهٖ سُلۡطٰنًا ؕ ﴿۳۳﴾
Q-17:33And do not kill the soul which Allah has made sacred, except by right. And if a soul is killed unjustly, we have given the right of revenge to his heirs.
There is no excess in revenge.
When the oppressor is ready to commit injustice, it is not only permissible but also necessary to defend oneself. Islam allows for the retribution of every evil with a similar evil. In other words, we can also say that Islam does not teach man weakness, cowardice and inaction, but rather teaches him to protect the right and fight against injustice. If the oppressor succeeds in his excesses, then the right of retaliation is established, so that justice can be restored and the hearts of the victims can find peace.
However, Islam also teaches that one should not go beyond the limits in retribution. The oppressor should only be punished to the extent of the injustice he committed. If an excess is committed, the same oppressed person can become an oppressor in the eyes of Allah, and the oppressor will be considered an oppressed person due to the additional punishment. These are the rules set by Allah: justice too, balance, and fairness.
وَالَّذِيۡنَ اِذَاۤ اَصَابَهُمُ الۡبَغۡىُ هُمۡ يَنۡتَصِرُوۡنَ ﴿۳۹﴾ وَجَزٰٓؤُا سَيِّئَةٍ سَيِّئَةٌ مِّثۡلُهَا ۚ ﴿۴۰﴾
And when people are wronged, defend yourselves. (39) And the recompense of evil is evil like it. (40)
وَكَتَبۡنَا عَلَيۡهِمۡ فِيۡهَاۤ اَنَّ النَّفۡسَ بِالنَّفۡسِۙ وَالۡعَيۡنَ بِالۡعَيۡنِ وَالۡاَنۡفَ بِالۡاَنۡفِ وَالۡاُذُنَ بِالۡاُذُنِ وَالسِّنَّ بِالسِّنِّۙ وَالۡجُرُوۡحَ قِصَاصٌؕ ﴿۴۵﴾
Q-05:45And We wrote (in the Torah for these Jews): A life for a life, an eye for an eye, a nose for a nose, an ear for an ear, a tooth for a tooth, and equal retribution for wounds.
وَمَنۡ قُتِلَ مَظۡلُوۡمًا فَقَدۡ جَعَلۡنَا لِـوَلِيِّهٖ سُلۡطٰنًا فَلَا يُسۡرِفْ فِّى الۡقَتۡلِ ؕ اِنَّهٗ كَانَ مَنۡصُوۡرًا ﴿۳۳﴾
Q-17:33And if anyone is killed unjustly, we have given the right of revenge to his heirs; so, let him not exceed the limits in killing the murderer. Otherwise, he will be helped (by Allah).
وَمَنۡ عَاقَبَ بِمِثۡلِ مَا عُوۡقِبَ بِهٖ ثُمَّ بُغِىَ عَلَيۡهِ لَيَنۡصُرَنَّهُ اللّٰهُ ؕ اِنَّ اللّٰهَ لَعَفُوٌّ غَفُوۡرٌ ﴿۶۰﴾
Q-22:60Whoever takes revenge on a criminal in the same way as he was treated (this is permissible). But if he transgresses against the criminal again, Allah will support him. Indeed, Allah is Oft-Forgiving, Most Generous.
Revenge: A guarantee of peace.
God says: Retaliation is a guarantee for the preservation of the lives of believers. It is not oppression. It is a law that does not allow the commission of a crime. Under this law, the oppressor also has to undergo the same oppression. And this is so that: Fear of God, justice and peace may be established in society. People may abandon the path of crime and sin and turn towards piety, reform and the straight path.
In Arab countries where courts are established according to the Quran, crimes are almost non-existent. Just imagine, if the courts of the entire world were established according to the Quran, then 90% of the defeat of Satan and his armies is certain.
وَلَـكُمۡ فِى الۡقِصَاصِ حَيٰوةٌ يّٰٓـاُولِىۡ الۡاَلۡبَابِ لَعَلَّکُمۡ تَتَّقُوۡنَ ﴿۱۷۹﴾
And O men of understanding! There is safety for your lives in revenge, that you may be piety.
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